Our integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell / Micro Turbine consumes half as much fuel to generate the same amount of electricity as other fossil fuel combustion systems. In doing so, it cuts fuel costs in half and drastically reduces emission by over 90% including the greenhouse gas,CO2, which can be sequestered.

Gas to Electricity is an unprecedented 70%. The clean exhaust is 1,000° C is used in an absorption chiller for HVAC or to fire the Cement Lock System in treating rejects brine.

1. Natural Gas goes into the fuel processor then enters the Fuel Cell Stack
2. Air is compressed by the turbine and heated by the recuperator on its way to the Fuel Cell Stack
3. Air/Fuel mix within the Stack creates an electrochemical reaction, producing DC Electricity and heat
4. Exhaust exits the Fuel Cell Stack and passes through the gas turbine
5. Electricity is produced by a generator driven by the gas turbine
6. Hot exhaust products pass through the recuperator
7. Clean exhaust exits the turbine

Environmentally responsible disposal of reject brine resulting from water remediation process is a Global Concern.

Electro-dialysis reversal is an effective and efficient method for separation of captured contaminates for other productive uses.

ELECTRO-DIALYSIS REVERSAL SYSTEM

The EDR process uses DC voltage to transfer ionic species from the feed water through ion exchange membranes to a concentrate stream, creating a more dilute stream. The polarity of DC voltage is reversed several times per hour. The alternating exposure of membrane surfaces to the dilute and concentrate streams provides a self-cleaning capability that enables purification and recovery of up to 94% of the feed water as product.

EDR applications include desalination of brackish ground and surface waters and removal of specific ions such as arsenic, radium and nitrates. In addition, EDR is used to desalt secondary-treated municipal effluent for irrigation and other non-potable uses.

Reverse osmosis membranes will reject dissolved and suspended materials including monovalent salts. Close to 99% of all dissolved and nearly all suspended material is rejected by the membrane.

Reverse osmosis is a moderate to high pressure (80-1200 psig) driven process for separating larger size solutes from aqueous solutions by means of a semi-permeable membrane. This process is carried out by flowing a process solution along a membrane surface under pressure. Retained solutes (such as particulate matter and dissolved salts) leave with the flowing process stream and do not accumulate on the membrane surface. The amount of salt and other impurities is often referred to as TDS, or total dissolved solids. The higher the TDS, the more feed pressure required.

Membranes

Membranes are made with various rejection rates for different applications. Membrane polymers to cover the full spectrum of reverse osmosis pressure ranges. One of these membrane types is a thin-film-composite family, (TFC) ideal for low TDS or softening type applications. For higher purity permeate, an ultra-low pressure (ULP) membrane line offers high water flux and salt rejection in a 125 psi class membrane.

When salt rejection is paramount, the high rejection (HR) elements offer 99.5% in standard form, or 99.7% in a premium model. Typically used in brackish water applications with up to 2000-5000 mg/l TDS, they operate around 200 psi. When the water is higher in TDS, the extreme rejection (XR) element comes into its own with 99.7% salt rejection and excellent silica and TOC (total organic carbon) removal too.

For seawater desalination, the single stage (SS) membrane in various sizes and configurations allow optimum system design. In the Premium line, salt rejection is at least 99.75%! Many of the SS products are designed to run up to 1200 psi for high salinity/high recovery installations.

Reverse Osmosis General Atomic, (ROGA) elements are made with a CA (cellulose acetate) blend membrane, which is resistant to organic fouling due to its smooth surface and neutral charge. The CA membrane operates well on chlorinated feeds, making it ideal for wastewater plants or other applications where chlorine is present or desired to minimize bacterial activity.

Water remediation pumping systems require large electrical capacity. In most cases, if water is in great demand and short supply, electrical output (grid) is also too expensive due to supply / demand ratios.

The most obvious solution is to design each water facility with an integrated power plant that is compact, efficient, environmentally friendly, scaled to the mission, and flexible in fuel needs.

These units have performed in excess of 50 million hours of satisfactory operation in various climates and conditions.

A range of units from 1.2 mw, 2.5 mw and 10 mw output can be operated independent of or connected to the grid as needed.

Heat Recovery

In addition to the obvious advantages of on-site power generation provided by these turbines is the use of millions of BTUs of waste heat. Harnessing this significant byproduct advantage provides:

• Flash Evaporation – reducing the Reject Brine volume
• Recovery of Additional Water Vapor for condensation and consumption
• “Heat Boost” for Cement Lock (Calcify Solids to Ecomelt)
• Enhanced EDR Performance
• Enhanced Efficiency -Temperature Stability of Feed Water and Turbine Intake

Nano - Filtration is a low to moderately high pressure (typically 50 - 450 psig) process in which monovalent ions will pass freely through the membrane but highly charged, multivalent salts and low molecular weight organics will be rejected to a much greater degree. Typical NF applications include water softening, desalination of dyestuffs, acid and caustic recovery and color removal.

• Passes Monovalent Salts, Water, Acids and Alkaline Compounds
• Retains Divalent Salts and Organics
• Captures Parasites Giardia, Cryptosporidium or Amoeba
• Captures Hazardous Metals Lead or Mercury
• Captures Toxic Chemicals Chlorine, Insecticides, Pesticides and RADON
• Eliminates Bad Taste and Odor

A Closer Look at Advanced Nano-Filtration (NF)

Crossflow membrane filtration controls the effect of concentration polarization and the gel layer. It provides the most rapid, and hence economic, continuous membrane filtration.

NF is a pressure driven process for separating larger size solutes from aqueous solutions by means of a semi-permeable membrane. This process is carried out by having a process solution flow along a membrane surface under pressure. Crossflow membrane filtration uses a high cross flow rate to enhance permeate passage and reduce membrane fouling. Retained solutes (such as dissolved salts) leave with the flowing process stream and do not accumulate on the membrane surface.